[00:00.00] [00:00.92]Ernest Hemingway was a famous American writer. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. [00:12.20]One of his most famous books, The Sun Also Rises, ends with the following words: [00:20.75]¡°Yes,¡± I said. ¡°Isn't it pretty to think so?¡± [00:25.49]Today, we are going to consider the grammar behind the sentence: ¡°Isn't it pretty to think so.¡± [00:34.25]In this program, we will study how English speakers use shortened sentences. We will hear examples of other short sentences from films, books, and fictional conversations. [00:51.36]But first, we will start with some definitions.